最近在网上看到一篇文章，讲ASP.NET ajax中的异常处理，有一部分是自定义javascript处理异常。突然想到网易邮箱中，弹出对话框，后边的页面变灰且不可点击的效果。
在网上找了一下，实现方法就是用两个层，一个层用来显示提示信息，一个层用来遮住页面；还有一个办法就是用iframe.两者的不同之处大概就在于iframe可以遮住全部的页面元素，而div则不能遮住下拉列表。
我这个例子使用的div,绝大部分引用了：http://www.cnblogs.com/Terrylee/archive/2006/11/13/Customizing_Error_Handling.html
代码如下：
Default.aspx 前台页面及javascript
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<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
<mce:style type="text/css"><!--
#UpdatePanel1{
width: 200px; height: 50px;
border: solid 1px gray;
}
#AlertDiv{
left: 40%; top: 40%;
position: absolute; width: 200px;
padding: 12px;
border: #000000 1px solid;
background-color: white;
text-align: left;
visibility: hidden;
z-index: 99;
}
#AlertButtons{
position: absolute; right: 5%; bottom: 5%;
}
--></mce:style><style type="text/css" mce_bogus="1">
#UpdatePanel1{
width: 200px; height: 50px;
border: solid 1px gray;
}
#AlertDiv{
left: 40%; top: 40%;
position: absolute; width: 200px;
padding: 12px;
border: #000000 1px solid;
background-color: white;
text-align: left;
visibility: hidden;
z-index: 99;
}
#AlertButtons{
position: absolute; right: 5%; bottom: 5%;
} </style>
</head>
<body id="bodytag" style="margin: 0px" mce_style="margin: 0px">
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server" OnAsyncPostBackError="ScriptManager1_AsyncPostBackError" />
<mce:script type="text/javascript"><!--
var divElem = 'AlertDiv';
var messageElem = 'AlertMessage';
var bodyTag = 'bodytag';
var sWidth,sHeight;
sWidth=document.body.offsetWidth;//浏览器工作区域内页面宽度
sHeight=screen.height;//屏幕高度（垂直分辨率）
//背景层（大小与窗口有效区域相同，即当弹出对话框时，背景显示为放射状透明灰色）
var bgObj=document.createElement("div");//创建一个div对象（背景层）
//定义div属性，即相当于
// <div id="bgDiv" style="position:absolute; top:0; background-color:#777; filter:progid:DXImagesTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(style=3,opacity=25,finishOpacity=75); opacity:0.6; left:0; width:918px; height:768px; z-index:19999;"></div>
bgObj.setAttribute('id','bgDiv');
bgObj.style.position= "absolute";
bgObj.style.display="none";
bgObj.style.top= "0";
bgObj.style.background= "#777";
bgObj.style.filter= "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(style=3,opacity=25,finishOpacity=75)";
bgObj.style.opacity= "0.6";
bgObj.style.left= "0";
bgObj.style.width=sWidth + "px";
bgObj.style.height=sHeight + "px";
bgObj.style.zIndex = "10000";
$get(bodyTag).appendChild(bgObj);
Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager.getInstance().add_endRequest(EndRequestHandler);
function ToggleAlertDiv(visString)
{
if (visString == 'hidden')
{
$get('bgDiv').style.display="none";
$get(bodyTag).style.backgroundColor = 'white';
}
else
{
$get('bgDiv').style.display="";
}
var adiv = $get(divElem);
adiv.style.visibility = visString;
}
function ClearErrorState() {
$get(messageElem).innerHTML = '';
ToggleAlertDiv('hidden');
}
function EndRequestHandler(sender, args)
{
if (args.get_error() != undefined)
{
var errorMessage;
if (args.get_response().get_statusCode() == '200')
{
errorMessage = args.get_error().message;
}
else
{
errorMessage = 'An unspecified error occurred. ';
}
args.set_errorHandled(true);
ToggleAlertDiv('visible');
$get(messageElem).innerHTML = errorMessage;
}
}
// --></mce:script>
<div>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" Width="30px"></asp:TextBox>
/<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server" Width="30px"></asp:TextBox> <asp:Button
ID="Button1" runat="server" OnClick="Button1_Click" Text="Execute" />
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<div id="AlertDiv" style="z-index: 20000;" mce_style="z-index: 20000;">
<div id="AlertMessage">
</div>
<br />
<div id="AlertButtons">
<input id="OKButton" type="button" value="OK" runat="server" onclick="ClearErrorState()" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
<mce:style type="text/css"><!--
#UpdatePanel1{
width: 200px; height: 50px;
border: solid 1px gray;
}
#AlertDiv{
left: 40%; top: 40%;
position: absolute; width: 200px;
padding: 12px;
border: #000000 1px solid;
background-color: white;
text-align: left;
visibility: hidden;
z-index: 99;
}
#AlertButtons{
position: absolute; right: 5%; bottom: 5%;
}
--></mce:style><style type="text/css" mce_bogus="1">
#UpdatePanel1{
width: 200px; height: 50px;
border: solid 1px gray;
}
#AlertDiv{
left: 40%; top: 40%;
position: absolute; width: 200px;
padding: 12px;
border: #000000 1px solid;
background-color: white;
text-align: left;
visibility: hidden;
z-index: 99;
}
#AlertButtons{
position: absolute; right: 5%; bottom: 5%;
} </style>
</head>
<body id="bodytag" style="margin: 0px" mce_style="margin: 0px">
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server" OnAsyncPostBackError="ScriptManager1_AsyncPostBackError" />
<mce:script type="text/javascript"><!--
var divElem = 'AlertDiv';
var messageElem = 'AlertMessage';
var bodyTag = 'bodytag';
var sWidth,sHeight;
sWidth=document.body.offsetWidth;//浏览器工作区域内页面宽度
sHeight=screen.height;//屏幕高度（垂直分辨率）
//背景层（大小与窗口有效区域相同，即当弹出对话框时，背景显示为放射状透明灰色）
var bgObj=document.createElement("div");//创建一个div对象（背景层）
//定义div属性，即相当于
// <div id="bgDiv" style="position:absolute; top:0; background-color:#777; filter:progid:DXImagesTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(style=3,opacity=25,finishOpacity=75); opacity:0.6; left:0; width:918px; height:768px; z-index:19999;"></div>
bgObj.setAttribute('id','bgDiv');
bgObj.style.position= "absolute";
bgObj.style.display="none";
bgObj.style.top= "0";
bgObj.style.background= "#777";
bgObj.style.filter= "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(style=3,opacity=25,finishOpacity=75)";
bgObj.style.opacity= "0.6";
bgObj.style.left= "0";
bgObj.style.width=sWidth + "px";
bgObj.style.height=sHeight + "px";
bgObj.style.zIndex = "10000";
$get(bodyTag).appendChild(bgObj);
Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager.getInstance().add_endRequest(EndRequestHandler);
function ToggleAlertDiv(visString)
{
if (visString == 'hidden')
{
$get('bgDiv').style.display="none";
$get(bodyTag).style.backgroundColor = 'white';
}
else
{
$get('bgDiv').style.display="";
}
var adiv = $get(divElem);
adiv.style.visibility = visString;
}
function ClearErrorState() {
$get(messageElem).innerHTML = '';
ToggleAlertDiv('hidden');
}
function EndRequestHandler(sender, args)
{
if (args.get_error() != undefined)
{
var errorMessage;
if (args.get_response().get_statusCode() == '200')
{
errorMessage = args.get_error().message;
}
else
{
errorMessage = 'An unspecified error occurred. ';
}
args.set_errorHandled(true);
ToggleAlertDiv('visible');
$get(messageElem).innerHTML = errorMessage;
}
}
// --></mce:script>
<div>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" Width="30px"></asp:TextBox>
/<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server" Width="30px"></asp:TextBox> <asp:Button
ID="Button1" runat="server" OnClick="Button1_Click" Text="Execute" />
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<div id="AlertDiv" style="z-index: 20000;" mce_style="z-index: 20000;">
<div id="AlertMessage">
</div>
<br />
<div id="AlertButtons">
<input id="OKButton" type="button" value="OK" runat="server" onclick="ClearErrorState()" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Default.aspx.cs 后台页面
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using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
int a = Int32.Parse(TextBox1.Text);
int b = Int32.Parse(TextBox2.Text);
int res = a / b;
Label1.Text = res.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (TextBox1.Text.Length > 0 && TextBox2.Text.Length > 0)
{
ex.Data["ExtraInfo"] = " You can't divide " +
TextBox1.Text + " by " + TextBox2.Text + ".";
}
throw ex;
}
}
protected void ScriptManager1_AsyncPostBackError(object sender, AsyncPostBackErrorEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Exception.Data["ExtraInfo"] != null)
{
ScriptManager1.AsyncPostBackErrorMessage =
e.Exception.Message +
e.Exception.Data["ExtraInfo"].ToString();
}
else
{
ScriptManager1.AsyncPostBackErrorMessage =
"An unspecified error occurred.";
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
int a = Int32.Parse(TextBox1.Text);
int b = Int32.Parse(TextBox2.Text);
int res = a / b;
Label1.Text = res.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (TextBox1.Text.Length > 0 && TextBox2.Text.Length > 0)
{
ex.Data["ExtraInfo"] = " You can't divide " +
TextBox1.Text + " by " + TextBox2.Text + ".";
}
throw ex;
}
}
protected void ScriptManager1_AsyncPostBackError(object sender, AsyncPostBackErrorEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Exception.Data["ExtraInfo"] != null)
{
ScriptManager1.AsyncPostBackErrorMessage =
e.Exception.Message +
e.Exception.Data["ExtraInfo"].ToString();
}
else
{
ScriptManager1.AsyncPostBackErrorMessage =
"An unspecified error occurred.";
}
}
}
ok!本章到此结束！